Maintained vs Non-maintained Emergency Lights: Explained

Whether it’s a power outage, fire, or natural disaster, people in any facility need properly illuminated evacuation paths to safety. This is especially critical in industrial hazardous locations that use LED explosion proof lighting.

Public and private buildings worldwide legally require emergency lighting systems. This includes government buildings, offices, schools, subways, theaters, retail stores, gymnasiums, and sports stadiums.

Regulatory Requirements

Emergency lighting standards are set nationally by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), particularly NFPA 101 Life Safety Code. Individual states and local jurisdictions have additional specific requirements.

Important: Always consult local building codes and a qualified electrical professional before installing emergency lighting systems. Requirements vary by location, building type, and occupancy classification.

How Emergency Lights Work

Emergency lights typically include battery backup systems that activate when the main power fails. They work with exit signs to provide illumination, directing people to building exits during emergencies.

Exit lights are normally located above doorways. Emergency lights are mounted in corridors, hallways, stairways, and near exit doors. Most systems provide 90 minutes of backup power, though duration requirements vary by application.

Maintained vs Non-Maintained Emergency Lights

The key distinction between emergency lighting types is their operation during normal power conditions:

Maintained Emergency Lights

• Always on during normal power supply operation
• Draw from the main power supply, automatically switch to battery during outages
• Best for public areas where occupants may not know evacuation routes
• Serve dual purpose: normal lighting and emergency lighting

Non-Maintained Emergency Lights

• Off during normal operation, activate only during power failures
• Automatically turn on and draw battery power when the main power fails
• Suitable for areas where occupants typically know evacuation routes (offices)
• Dedicated emergency lighting only

Advantages of Each System

Maintained System Benefits:

• Simpler installation with fewer components and wiring runs
• Less routine testing and maintenance required
• Often more cost-effective as dual-purpose lighting
• Exit routes are always visible, even without emergencies

Non-Maintained System Benefits:

• Significantly lower energy consumption during normal operation
• Independent installation from the main lighting circuits
• Dedicated emergency function reduces wear on components

LED vs Fluorescent Emergency Lights

LED emergency lights typically outperform fluorescent options:

• Energy efficiency: Lower power consumption extends battery life
• Longevity: Longer service life reduces replacement costs
• Durability: Better resistance to vibration and temperature changes
• Instant operation: No warm-up time, unlimited on/off cycles
• Dimming capability: The same LED can serve normal and emergency functions
• Flexibility: Compatible with both maintained and non-maintained systems

Selection and Installation Considerations

Choose your emergency lighting system based on:

• Building layout and size
• Occupant familiarity with the facility
• Local building codes and requirements
• Existing electrical infrastructure
• Maintenance capabilities and preferences

Testing and Maintenance Requirements

Emergency lighting systems require regular testing to ensure proper function:

• Monthly: 30-second functional test
• Annually: 90-minute full discharge test
• Documentation: Maintain test records as required by local codes
• Battery replacement: Typically every 3-5 years, depending on type

Conclusion

Understanding maintained vs non-maintained emergency lighting helps you select the right system for your facility. Consider building layout, occupant types, local codes, and long-term maintenance when making your decision.

For expert guidance on emergency lighting solutions, explore our emergency lighting collection or contact our technical team for application-specific recommendations.